Gens:

IULIUS, ROYAL HOUSE OF CAPPADOCIA

Created:

3rd November 2014

Update:

5th October 2018

Status Republic:

Patrician:

Pleb. Nobilis:

Senatorial:

Eques Romanus:

Local magistrates

Republican Family / Cognomen

Patrician

n/a

Pleb. Nobilis

n/a

Senatorial

n/a

Equestrian

n/a

Local magistrat.

n/a

Uncertain

n/a

Imperial Family / Cognomen

Imperators

n/a

Consular

n/a

Senatorial

n/a

Equestrian

Archelaus

Equestrian (mil)

n/a

Local magistrat.

n/a

Uncertain

n/a

Republican Consuls, Tribunes with consular power, Dictators, Magister Equitum, Censors

Imperial Consuls and Emperors (Augusti and Caesars)

incl. 0 emperors

Notes:

Philopatris = "love of country", Philorhomaios = "friend of Rome", Ktistes = "founder", Philadelphos = "lover of brother", Philopator = "lover of father", Eusebes = "pious"

Literature

Dmitriev, Sviatoslav: "Cappadocian Dynastic Rearrangements on the Eve of the First Mithridatic War", in Historia, Bd. 55, 2006, p.285-297

Eder, Walter and Renger, Johannes: "Brill's Chronologies of the Ancient World , New Pauly Names, Dates and Dynasties", New Pauly Supplement I, Leiden, 2007, p.105-107 and 111-112

Halfmann: Senatoren (1979) p.119 (§25 C. Iulius Alexander, possibly = […er], cos suff 103), p.119 (§25a Tigranes V, §25b Tigranes IV)

Hohen, Wolfgang: "Untersuchungen zur Stellung kleinasiatischer Dynasten in den Machtkämpfen der ausgehenden römischen Republik", Mainz 1969, p.144-194 on the Cappadocian dynasty from

Ariobarzanes I to Archelaus I

Kokkinos: Herodian Dynasty (2010) p.246-254 (descdents of Glaphyra and Alexander)

Magie: Asia Minor (1950) p.202-205 and notes p.1096-1097

Moerkholm, Otto: "The Cappadocians Again", in The Numismatic Chronicle Vol. 19 (139) (1979), pp. 242-246

Moerkholm, Otto: "The Classification of Cappadocian Coins", in The Numismatic Chronicle Vol. 9 (1969), pp. 21-31

Reinach, Theodore: "Trois royaumes de l'Asie Mineure: Cappadoce, Bithynie, Pont", Paris 1888 p.1-87

Simonetta, B.: "Notes on the Coinage of the Cappadocian Kings", in The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society Vol. 1 (1961), pp. 9-50, dates

Orophernes short reign to 161-159; but this is disputed by Otto Moerkholm in his review "The Cappadocians Again".

Sullivan, Richard D.: "Near Eastern Royalty and Rome 100-30 BC", University of Toronto Press 1990, sections on Cappadocia (pp.51-58 with notes 351-353

and 174-185 with notes 394-399) with stemma 4 at bookend.

Sullivan, Richard D.: "The Dynasty of Cappadocia", in Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt, Bd.II,7.2, 1980, pp.1125-1168 with stemma opposite p.1136

Changes

2014-11-20: added Melas, a possible relative of Archelaus I.

2014-12-18: minor additions, eg. new reference, notes added and a comment to the brothers Archelaus and Neoptolemos. Athenais' birthyear corrected from 77 to 85 (aged 4).

2014-12-29: added Nysa, dt of Ariarathes VI and another Nysa, probable dt of Ariarathes V.

2015-01-07: added rulers/kings previous to Ariarathes IV

2018-10-05: New header, expanded reference list plus many updates, but none fundamental.

RE1

Ariamnes

dynast of Cappadocia

mid 4th century BC

RE1

Ariarathes I

Orophernes

Satrap of Cappadocia

(or Olophernes)

† c.322 aged 82, exc by

ment 351/342

Perdiccas

RE2

Ariarathes II

ruler of Cappadocia c.280-c.255

adopted by uncle

RE2

Ariamnes

ruler of Cappadocia c.255-c.225

RE3

Ariarathes III

King of Cappadocia c.255/225-c.220 (223)

co-regent with his father

1st independent king of Cappadocia

~ Stratonice, dt of Antiochus II, King of Syria

† c.220

RE4

Ariarathes IV Eusebes

King of Cappadocia c.220 (c.223)-164/3

1 ~ ?

2 ~ Antiochis, dt. of Antiochus III, The Great, King of Syria

RE11

RE5

RE2

RE11

Stratonice

Ariarathes V Eusebes Philopator

Orophernes Nikephoros (or Olophernes)

Ariarathes

Mithridates V Euergetes

King 164/3-132/130

? false son of Ariarthes IV

? false son of

King of Pontus c.152/1-120

(1) ~ Eumenes II, King of Pergamon 197-159

(birthname Mithridates)

King 158/157

Ariarthes IV

(2) ~ Attalus II, King of Pergamon 159-138

~ Nysa (RE2)

claimant c.160-c.155

regent c.130

RE6

RE35

RE28

RE12

RE5

Ariarathes VI Ephiphanes Philopator

Demetrius

Nysa

Laodice

Mithridates VI Eupator

see Pontus

Ariobarzanes I Philorhomaios

King 132/130-111 (or 116)

† a 132/130

* c.140

King of Pontus 120-63

for rest of

elected King of Cappadocia 96/5 by nobles

assassinated by Mithridates VI

older brother

~ Nicomedes III

dynasty

King 96/5-90/89 and 85/4-64/3 with 5-6 interruptions

~ Laodice, dt of

K of Bithynia

(1) ~ Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia

abdicated in favour of his son

Mithridates V Euergetes of Pontus

128/7-94

←

~ Athenais Philostorgos I

→

c.102/1 (2) ~ Nicomedes III of Bithynia, King 128/7-c.94

RE7

RE8

RE3

RE12

RE8

RE9

RE6

Ariarathes VII Philometer

Ariarathes VIII

Nysa

Archelaus

Neoptolemos

Ariarathes IX

Athenais

81 ~

Ariobarzanes II Philopator

King 116/5-c.101/100

King c.100-c.97/6 or 98

general of

* c.108 † 86

Philostorgos II

King of Cappadocia 63/2-52/1

assassinated by

deposed by Mithridates VI

~ Nicomedes IV

Mithridates VI

King of Cappadocia

* 85

murdered, possibly by wife

Mithridates VI

~ Nysa

K of Bithynia

88-86

88-85

101/100-c.86

ment 50 as regent

94-74

possibly descended from Mithridates VI

or 100/99-96/5 and 89/8-86/

for her son

RE14

RE13

RE21?

RE7

RE10

Berenice IV

Archelaus I

Diogenes

Ariobarzanes III

Ariarathes X

Queen of Egypt 58-55

priest-prince of Comana-Pontica 63-55

officer of

Eusebes Philorhomaios

Eusebes Philadelphos

dt of Ptolemaios XIII

(appointed by Pompeius Magnus)

Mithridates VI

King of Cappadocia 52/1-42

? priest-prince of Cappadocian Comana 47-42

† 55 killed

King of Egypt 6 months 55

King of Armenia Minor 47-42

King of Cappadocia 42-36

† 55 killed by Gabinius

† 42 murdered by Cassius

† 36 deposed and murdered by M.Antonius

RE14

Archelaus II

priest-prince of

Comana-Pontica 55-47

deposed by Caesar 47

~ Glaphyra (RE1)

courtesan

P531 RE2

P1114 RE1

RE15 A1023

M450 RE7a

Polemo I

~ 1

Pythodoris

2 ~ c.8AD

Archelaus I Philopatris Ktistes

brother

Melas

† 8 BC

† 33 or 38/9 AD

? also called Sisines (king 41?)

dispute with

ambassador to Herod from Archelaus I c.6BC

King of

ruling queen of

King of Cappadocia (appointed by M. Antonius) 36 BC-17 AD † aged 78

his brother

called "dunastes", possibly a

Pontus

of Pontus

King of Armenia Minor + Ciclicia Tracheia (Cietis) 20 BC - 17 AD

cf. Josephus

relative to Archelaus I, but the term could also

↓

Cappadocia Roman province 17 AD

B.J.1.507

just indicate a Cappadocian nobleman

Armenia Minor part of Roman province of Cappadocia 17-38

1 ~ ignota (of Armenia?)

A1024

G176 RE2

Archelaus II

Glaphyra

(1) c.16 BC ~ Alexander of Judaea (A498), † c.8 BC exc by father King Herod

King of Cietis in Cilicia ca. 19-36

† c.5 AD

(2) ~

Juba II, King of Mauretania (J65)

(3) ~

Archelaus of Judaea (A1025)

AE 1968-507

A499

T206 RE5

Ti. Iulius Archelaus

(C. Iulius) Alexander (II)

(C. Iulius) Tigranes V (or IV)

* c.15 BC

* 14 BC †sp 36 AD exc in Rome

~ Iulia Metrodora Basilissa,

? † 26/28

King of Armenia

dt of Ti. Iulius Stratonices

c.7-c.12 AD

T207

RE6

(C. Iulius) Tigranes VI (or V)

hostage in Rome

King of Armenia 60-62 deposed

J48

J136

A500 RE57

ILS850

Iulia Iotape

C.Iulius Alexander

Iulia Ammia

King of Cietis in Cilicia 72- sub Domitian

dt of Antiochus IV

senator of Rome, cos suff 106 or 108

King of Commagene

38-72

↓

see Iulius Iudaea